Construção do programa da disciplina de orquestra da Escola Profissional Artística do Vale do Ave

A presente dissertação tem como finalidade a construção de um programa para a disciplina de Orquestra dos cursos Básico de Instrumentista de Cordas (3º ano), Instrumentista de Cordas e Tecla e Instrumentista de Sopro e Percussão, da Escola Profissional Artística do Vale do Ave – ARTAVE. A partir da prática e experiência do autor como aluno desta disciplina de 1992-1996, da sua prática pedagógica a lecionar esta disciplina desde 2005, da consulta de outros especialistas nesta área e da revisão bibliográfica realizada, pretende-se construir um plano de ação que visa facilitar a aprendizagem seguindo uma dada linha e sequência. A orientação metodológica seguida fez a opção pelas abordagens qualitativas, mais concretamente a análise documental. Para a elaboração deste programa a investigação realizada centrou-se em dois pontos principais: (1) na identificação das competências necessárias para um instrumentista de orquestra, (2) na explicação das orientações metodológicas consideradas na elaboração do programa.The present dissertation has the purpose of building an educational program for the Orchestra Subject for the courses Basic String Instrumentalist (3rd year), String Instrumentalist and Wind Instrumentalist of the Escola Profissional Artística do Vale do Ave – ARTAVE. Based on the author experience as a student of this subject in ARTAVE from 1992-1996 and his pedagogical practice, who teaches this subject since 2005, the advice of expertise’s in this area and supported by literature review, the author aims to build an action plan that will promote learning experiences following a given line and sequence. The methodological orientation model followed chooses the qualitative approaches namely document analysis. To create this program the research focused on two main points: (1) the identification of the skills needed for an orchestral musician, (2) the explanation of methodological guidelines considered in developing an educational program

Unified power converter based on a dual-stator permanent magnet synchronous machine for motor drive and battery charging of electric vehicles

An electric vehicle (EV) usually has two main power converters, namely one for the motor drive system and another for the battery-charging system. Considering the similarities between both converters, a new unified power converter for motor drive and battery charging of EVs is propounded in this paper. By using a single unified power converter, the cost, volume, and weight of the power electronics are reduced, thus also making possible a reduction in the final price of the EV. Moreover, the proposed unified power converter has the capability of bidirectional power flow. During operation in traction mode, the unified power converter controls motor driving and regenerative braking. Additionally, during operation in battery-charging mode, with the EV plugged into the electrical power grid, the unified power converter controls the power flow for slow or fast battery charging (grid-to-vehicle (G2V) mode), or for discharging of the batteries (vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode). Specifically, this paper presents computer simulations and experimental validations for operation in both motor-driving and slow battery-charging mode (in G2V and V2G modes). It is demonstrated that the field-oriented control used in the traction system presents good performance for different values of mechanical load and that the battery-charging system operates with high levels of power quality, both in G2V and in V2G mode.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation of Science and Technology (FCT) (in Portuguese, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. This work was also supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEIEEE/30382/2017 and by the FCT Project newERA4GRIDs PTDC/EEI-EEE/30283/2017. T.J.C.S. is supported by the doctoral scholarship SFRH/BD/134353/2017 granted by the FCT

Comparative analysis of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) power transfer configurations without additional power converters

This paper presents a comparative analysis of power transfer configurations towards vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) battery charging operation without using additional power converters, i.e., using just the on-board battery chargers of two electric vehicles (EVs). Three access interfaces were considered, namely the ac power grid interface, the dc-link interface and the dc battery interface, which allow the establishment of eight V2V configurations. The defined configurations are described and verified through computational simulations. A comparison is performed based on quantitative data, i.e., power transfer efficiency for a given output power range, and qualitative data, i.e., flexibility and safety. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that each V2V configuration has its pros and cons regarding efficiency, number of possible quadrant operation and need for additional equipment.This work has been supported by FCT –Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologiawith-in the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2019. This work has been supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017, and by FCTProject new-ERA4GRIDs PTDC/EEI-EEE/30283/2017. Mr. Tiago J. C. Sousa is supported by the doctoral scholarship SFRH/BD/134353/2017 granted by the Portuguese FCT agency

Battery charging station for electric vehicles based on bipolar dc power grid with grid-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-vehicle operation modes

This paper proposes an electric vehicle (EV) battery charging station (EV-BCS) based on a bipolar dc power grid with the capabilities of returning energy back to the power grid (vehicle-to-grid – V2G mode), as well as to perform power transfer between different EVs connected to the EV-BCS without drawing power from the power grid (vehicle-to-vehicle – V2V mode), besides the traditional battery charging operation (grid-to-vehicle – G2V mode). The proposed EV-BCS is modular, using three-level bidirectional dc-dc converters. In this paper, for simplicity reasons, only two converters, and hence two EVs, are considered in order to validate the previously referred operation modes. Furthermore, unbalanced operation from the EVs side is also considered for all the operation modes, aiming to consider a real scenario of operation. Simulation results verify the correct operation of the EV-BCS in all cases, with balanced and unbalanced current consumption from the EVs resulting always in balanced currents from the bipolar dc power grid side

Experimental validation of a three-phase induction motor operating with a three-phase bidirectional variable speed drive

The three-phase induction motor is the main electric motor used in industrial applications, contributing significantly to the industrial electricity consumption. Additionally, the traditional variable speed drivers, due to the internal constitution based on a passive rectifier, contribute to accentuate power quality problems on the grid side. In this context, this paper presents thesimulation, implementation and subsequent experimental verification of an electronic variable speed drive for three-phase induction motors, which is composed by a three-phase ac-dc converter on the grid side and by a three-phase dc-ac converter on the motor side. With the proposed solution, besides driving the motor, it is possible to mitigate power quality problems on the grid side (e.g., current harmonics and reactive power) associated with the use of diode-bridge ac-dc converters in the conventional variable speed drives. Besides, with the proposed solution, a bidirectional operation is possible, allowing to deliver to the power grid the energy generated in motor braking processes. As demonstrated along the paper, with the proposed variable speed drive it is possible to control the motor speed (including the rotation direction), and to achieve operation with sinusoidal currents and unitary power factor on the grid side. A laboratory prototype was developed, allowing to perform experimental validation and to verify the main functionalities of the variable speed driveUIDB/00319/2020, PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017, PTDC/EEI-EEE/28813/2017. FCT– Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. This work has been supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017, and by the FCT Project QUALITY4POWER PTDC/EEI-EEE/28813/201

Unified three-port topology integrating a renewable and an energy storage system with the grid-interface operating as active power filter

This paper presents the experimental validation of a unified three-port topology, integrating a renewable energy source (RES) and an energy storage system (ESS) (or an electric vehicle) with the grid-interface operating as active power filter (APF). The proposed topology is based on a three-phase grid-interface (whose role is to operate as a APF grid-tied inverter capable of compensating current harmonics, imbalanced currents and low power factor), on a RES-interface for solar photovoltaic (PV) panels (whose role is to extract the maximum power from the PV panels), and on an ESS-interface for batteries (whose role is to store/inject energy according to the power management of the electrical installation). The paper presents the control algorithms for each interface within the scope of the different operation modes allowed by the unified three-port topology. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to validate the distinguishing aspects of the proposed unified three-port topology.This work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia with-in the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2019. This work has been supported by the FCT Project newERA4GRIDs PTDC/EEI-EEE/30283/2017, and by the FCT Project SAICTPAC/0004/2015 – POCI – 01– 0145–FEDER–016434. Tiago Sousa is supported by the doctoral scholarship SFRH/BD/134353/2017 granted by FCT

A review on power electronics technologies for power quality improvement

Nowadays, new challenges arise relating to the compensation of power quality problems, where the introduction of innovative solutions based on power electronics is of paramount importance. The evolution from conventional electrical power grids to smart grids requires the use of a large number of power electronics converters, indispensable for the integration of key technologies, such as renewable energies, electric mobility and energy storage systems, which adds importance to power quality issues. Addressing these topics, this paper presents an extensive review on power electronics technologies applied to power quality improvement, highlighting, and explaining the main phenomena associated with the occurrence of power quality problems in smart grids, their cause and effects for different activity sectors, and the main power electronics topologies for each technological solution. More specifically, the paper presents a review and classification of the main power quality problems and the respective context with the standards, a review of power quality problems related to the power production from renewables, the contextualization with solid-state transformers, electric mobility and electrical railway systems, a review of power electronics solutions to compensate the main power quality problems, as well as power electronics solutions to guarantee high levels of power quality. Relevant experimental results and exemplificative developed power electronics prototypes are also presented throughout the paper.This work has been supported by FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. This work has been supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017 and by the FCT Project newERA4GRIDs PTDC/EEIEEE/30283/2017

A review on power electronics technologies for electric mobility

Concerns about greenhouse gas emissions are a key topic addressed by modern societies worldwide. As a contribution to mitigate such effects caused by the transportation sector, the full adoption of electric mobility is increasingly being seen as the main alternative to conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, which is supported by positive industry indicators, despite some identified hurdles. For such objective, power electronics technologies play an essential role and can be contextualized in different purposes to support the full adoption of electric mobility, including on-board and off-board battery charging systems, inductive wireless charging systems, unified traction and charging systems, new topologies with innovative operation modes for supporting the electrical power grid, and innovative solutions for electrified railways. Embracing all of these aspects, this paper presents a review on power electronics technologies for electric mobility where some of the main technologies and power electronics topologies are presented and explained. In order to address a broad scope of technologies, this paper covers road vehicles, lightweight vehicles and railway vehicles, among other electric vehicles.This work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia with-in the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2020. This work has been supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017, and by the FCT Project new ERA4GRIDs PTDC/EEI-EEE/30283/2017. Tiago Sousa is supported by the doctoral scholarship SFRH/BD/134353/2017 granted by FCT

A novel topology of multilevel bidirectional and symmetrical split-Pi converter

The paradigm of smart grids has encouraged new developments of power electronics converters, for instance, in the perspective of renewables and electric mobility applications. Aligned with this perspective, this paper proposes a novel topology of a multilevel bidirectional and symmetrical (MBS) split-pi dc-dc converter. As a central distinguishing feature, it operates with three voltage levels in both dc sides (0, vdc/2, vdc), meaning that the voltage stress in each semiconductor is reduced when compared with the conventional split-pi converters, and it operates with controlled variables (voltage and current) based on the interleaved principle of operation, although it is not an interleaved split-pi converter. As demonstrated along the paper, the MBS split-pi converter can be controlled with current or voltage feedback in any of the dc interfaces, while the common dc-link voltage is controlled by the dc interface where the source is connected. The adopted current and voltage control schemes, as well as the pulse-width modulation, are presented and comprehensively explained. The validation is presented for the main operation modes, where it is possible to verify the claimed distinguishing features of the proposed MBS split-pi converter.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT

Chronic wasting disease risk assessment in Portugal: analysis of variability and genetic structure of the Portuguese roe deer population

Among the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in cervids is now the rising concern in wildlife within Europe after the first case detected in Norway in 2016. CWD shows a notable horizontal transmission, affecting both free-ranging and captive cervids. Furthermore, several genetic variants in the Prion Protein (PRNP) gene coding sequence of the cervid were identified, which increase the susceptibility to the disease.This work was supported by the project WastingPrionRisk [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029,947/ PTDC/CVT-CVT/29947/2017] funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). FCT PhD grant [SFRH/BD/146961/2019] financed by FCT through FSE (Fundo Social Europeu). This work was also supported by national funds [UIDB/CVT/00772/2020], [LA/P/0059/2020] and [UIDB/04033/2020] by FCT.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio